🧠 3. Why Do We Need IPFS?

🔹 Problem with Centralized Web (HTTP/HTTPS)

The host starts by discussing decentralized applications (dApps), which typically consist of:

• A smart contract (on blockchain like Ethereum)
• A frontend (user interface)

Even though the backend logic is decentralized, the frontend and media files (images, videos, documents) are often stored on centralized servers using HTTP/HTTPS protocols.

❌ Two Major Problems:

1. High Cost on Blockchain
   • Storing large files (like images or videos) directly on Ethereum is extremely expensive due to gas fees.
   • Example: Uploading a single image could cost hundreds of dollars — not feasible for startups or individuals.
2. Centralization Defeats Decentralization
   • If you store your app’s data on a central server, you reintroduce a single point of failure.
   • The server can:
     • Be hacked
     • Be shut down
     • Become unavailable
   • This breaks the core principle of decentralization.

✅ Conclusion: We need a decentralized, scalable, and affordable way to store files used in dApps.

🧩 4. What is IPFS?

🔹 Definition

• IPFS (InterPlanetary File System) is a peer-to-peer (P2P), distributed, decentralized file system.
• It allows users to store and share files across a global network without relying on a central server.

🔹 Key Principles

• Peer-to-Peer (P2P): Files are shared directly between users.
• Distributed: No single server holds all data.